Research Paper on the Pros and Cons of Homeschooling Essay Example

Research Paper on the Pros and Cons of Homeschooling Essay Homeschooling is a practice of external education usually involving student parents or hired tutor. The necessity of the homeschooling is stipulated by a few factors; the parents’ lifestyle and the needs of a child. In the family with two working parents, it is practically impossible and senseless to educate the child in external form, as it quite difficult to hire a teacher for all necessary objects. For such form of training, there is necessity in a constantly present adult who will be able to help the child in the educational process, contact an educational establishment if needed, and control academic progress of the child. In most cases, it would one or both of the child parents. The main pros of homeschooling are the following: Absence of the violence from teachers and coevals. There is no limiting necessity to observe unnecessary rules and rituals. There is a possibility to control the moral, ethical and religious views of the child. Possibility to live on a natural biological clock. Possibility to study the special objects, such as rare languages, art, architecture, etc. from the early childhood. Educating process is not so rigorous as that in school, due to relaxing home situation, the risk of school traumas is mionectic, problems with a posture and vision can be timely corrected if started. An individual training program helps bring up a personality in the child. These is close contact between the parents and the children, extraneous influence is eliminated. Possibility to master the school program for less than full school term. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on the Pros and Cons of Homeschooling specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on the Pros and Cons of Homeschooling specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on the Pros and Cons of Homeschooling specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The cons of homeschooling are: there is no socialization for the child in homeschooling, as there is no collective to experience co-operating with other students. permanent parents control after the process of studies is required. there is no hard discipline, the necessity of permanent work for a whole school day. there is no experience of conflicts with coevals and teacher. there are difficulties with getting the diploma, entering higher educational establishments. the parents not always are able to teach to the exact objects or arts, system of thinking. overprotection by parents can result in infantilism or egocentrism for a child. absence of experience in real life situations can obstruct the beginning of independent life. the child gets used to his onliness. Homeschooling is an optimal variant for the families that are forced to travel a lot, move from a city to a city, for a long time live abroad, in small remote settlements far from decent schools. Homeschooling or partial school attendance is an objective necessity for seriously sick children, having some issues with their development (autism, ADHD) or other disabilities, as well as adopted children with heavy educational neglect. The temporal home educating (for a school year) is part of rehabilitation after heavy stresses, psychological traumatic experience, dangerous diseases, etc. In some situations, it makes sense to privately educate a gifted child with the autistic features of personality. The individual educating hardly befits sociable, active extraverts, as well as the kids lacking initiative, lazy and incapable of self-discipline. Are you looking for a top-notch custom research paper about Pros and Cons of Homeschooling? Is confidentiality as important to you as the high quality of the product? Try our writing service at EssayLib.com! We can offer you professional assistance at affordable rates. Our experienced PhD and Master’s writers are ready to take into account your smallest demands. We guarantee you 100% authenticity of your paper and assure you of dead on time delivery. Proceed with the order form:

Censorship and Banning Books essays

Censorship and Banning Books essays Over time at one point or another, there has been issues about freedom of speech and censorship. I believe that there are fine lines to where there should be censorship, but not in all cases of what we see, read, or hear in everyday life. Books should not be banned because it goes against everything that our country was founded for, freedom to be what you want to be, to read what you want to read, and say whatever you want to say. I feel that I should not be told what to read and what not to read. People need to think for themselves and not let other people make decisions for them. Question Authority. Think a little more about what people tell you to do. Do you feel it is right? Use your own judgment wisely. Then conclude your own opinions on what you are told. The main reason books are banned from schools is because of sexual content, use of profanity, or the way the book may influence you. People in our society today should be wise enough to think by what they see and not by what they hear. Censorship could be defined as any individual or a group of individuals trying to impose their morality on all of society as a whole. While its important that we live in a moral society, the level of morality would be established naturally by and through the opinions on society as a whole. Not by any individual or small group. Our country was founded, there was something written in the Constitution called the First Amendment. The First Amendment gives us the freedom we have to think, see, speak, hear, etc. what we want to witness. Banning books takes away that freedom of the Constitution. The main purpose of books are to educate. If the book does not serve that purpose, chances are it wont be used at all. Society should not really be concerned about books with no redeeming value being used in schools. If they have no value to them, chances are they are not going to be used. People need to get a better understanding of things and th...

How to Write the University of Notre Dame Essays 2018-2019

The University of Notre Dame, located in South Bend, Indiana, is a private Catholic research University ranked #18 on the U.S. News and World Report’s Best National Universities List . Boasting a football team with 11 national championships, the nation’s top Italian program, world-renowned business and architecture schools, rich alumni connections, Notre Dame offers all the benefits of a small tight-knit college community in the context of a larger top-notch research institution. Over 80% of the university’s undergraduate students live on campus in one of the 31 single-sex residence halls, each with its own traditions, legacies, events, and sports teams. There is no greek life on campus, but the majority of students live in the same residence hall for all four years. The university is affiliated with the Congregation of Holy Cross, with over 47 chapels on campus, however, religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission. The university boasts over 120,000 alumni, including noteworthy graduates like Condoleezza Rice, Nicholas Sparks, and Joe Montana. Notre Dame’s acceptance rate for the class of 2022 was roughly 17.6% with applications up 4% over the previous year. With three 150 word short responses, Notre Dame’s writing supplement allows you to set yourself apart from the 20,000+ applications that vie for the coveted spots. To apply to Notre Dame, candidates may submit either the Common Application, or the Coalition Application. The college does not prefer one or the other. Candidates may apply through the Restrictive Early Action process (due November 1st), or the Regular Decision process (due January 1st). In addition to the required essay in the Common Application or Coalition Application, Notre Dame requires three supplemental essays: applicants are all required to complete the first prompt, but may choose from 4 different options for the second and third prompts. Read on to find out how to tackle them! Like other schools, Notre Dame has a â€Å"Why X School?† prompt to understand why the applicant is passionate about applying to Notre Dame. While this type of essay will rarely be the reason why an applicant is accepted to a certain school, it can demonstrate commitment and understanding of that school. Simply put, Notre Dame wants to understand why you want to attend their institution over all the other schools you are applying to — what makes them unique in your list. There are a few qualities that will make your essay stand out . Be as specific as possible — specificity is the key to writing a good, eye-catching essay. Try to include specific details about Notre Dame. Is it the non-existence of greek life, the religious dedication of the school, or the research-based curriculum that intrigues you? Is there a specific program that Notre Dame offers that other schools don’t or is it the rich alumni connections that provide you stronger internships and job prospects that you really care about? These are the type of details that Notre Dame wants to hear from you — how do the programs, opportunities, and curriculum that they offer fit into what you are looking for in your college experience? Generic statements like â€Å"Religion is important to me†, or â€Å"I enjoy the study abroad options available† are too broad and non-unique , they are cookie-cutter and can be used for many universities across the US (many colleges have a religious affiliation and most colleges offer opportunities to study abroad). Rather, turn this around to demonstrate how going to a strong Catholic institution will strengthen your spiritual roots or how a service trip that Notre Dame offers to Nicaragua can give you the chance to work with underserved communities and utilize your Spanish skills. The more specific, the better your essay will be and the more you will stand out. Don’t be afraid to refer to specific professors, labs, internships, study abroad opportunities, and even classes that you are excited to take. This shows that you have done the research for Notre Dame and aren’t simply using another school’s essay and replacing the school name to Notre Dame. A quick note about choosing prompts. Before immediately setting your mind on two prompts, try brainstorming ideas for each of the four options provided. Start to draft mini paragraphs and sense which prompts you may be more passionate about. There is no right of wrong prompt, but some prompts will allow you to unleash more of your personality or tell more of your story — which will frame your application in a more positive light. Here are a few questions to ask yourself before you choose your prompts, especially for Notre Dame: Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Essentially, this prompt is asking, â€Å"How have you supported others?† The stronger essays will be more personal about a time you helped out a family member, friend, neighbor, or community in need. You want to show how you specifically had an impact on someone else and were there to support them through a rough time. Avoid talking about raising money for an organization or 5Ks (or 10Ks) that you did for a certain cause. While those activities may mean a lot to you, they don’t show the direct impact your actions had to support someone. Rather, something more powerful to write about would be the time your friend was really confused in math class and you sat down and helped him/her through the homework problems even though you had to skip tennis practice to do that. This shows your more humane, compassionate side — which is what Notre Dame wants to see. Really try to focus on the small gestures that had an impact on someone else. For example, you could write about the time you acted as a mentor to underclassmen, showing them around school on the first day when they were lost. While this may seem like a nonessential action that you took, it demonstrates how you supported freshmen and made them feel welcome in their new high school environment. The essay really wants you to show how you welcomed, supported, and helped a person (or group of people). Another thing to note is that your action doesn’t need to have an earth-shattering impact on someone else. However, the more reflective you are, the stronger the essay will be. Talk about how you felt helping someone else(were you worried? Confident? Nervous?) — add a more humanizing element to the essay to show that you are more than your GPA and test scores. Focus on a time you supported someone, be specific, provide details, and include how your actions impacted that person. This essay is straightforward, and with only 150 words, make sure to be concise, yet include specific details and reflections to make the essay stand out. This prompt is very open-ended , and allows you to be creative. You could write about anything from a pet, a lucky pencil, or even a stuffed animal that you will bring to college with you. The college admissions officers are not going to judge you for what you necessarily say as the one item (make sure to keep it appropriate of course), but what they care about is your explanation of why that certain item means a lot to you. For example, if you are bringing your favorite stuffed animal that is a pig, they want to know why this stuffed animal is so important to you. Have you had this stuffed animal since you were a small child or was this the stuffed animal that you always went to when you were down and made soaking wet with your tears? This type of detail and personal touch will make your essay stand out from the more generic ones. Adding specific elements that are personal and showcase the reasons why that object is important to you will help the college admissions officers understand you as an applicant better. You may also want to consider bringing something that is not tangible. Bringing certain emotions, memories, or ideas can be a spin on this essay. For example, bringing an inspiring phrase your grandmother always told you or your dedication to saving the environment, can take this essay in an interesting direction. Whatever one thing you choose, make sure to include personal details explaining why it means a lot to you. While this question may seem straightforward, it is definitely one of the harder of the 4 essay options. Rather than starting with how to answer this prompt, let’s start with how not to answer this question . Do not talk about the time that your parents didn’t say â€Å"good job† for your stellar grades, or how your teacher didn’t notice that you were the one that put together the entire presentation by yourself (even though it was a group presentation). Also, do not compare yourself with a sibling and comment how your sibling always gets praised and you don’t. These are all situations that come off as whiny, immature, and accusatory . Instead, the way to go about this essay is talking about the personal accomplishments you made over the past four years. Talk about your own personal goal to run a mile everyday for a year or your new resolution to eat dessert only once a week. These may all seem like trivial aspects of your life — but they give insight into who you really are. Running a mile everyday for a year shows college admissions officers that you have the drive and hard-work necessary to continue something for an entire year while eating dessert only once a week demonstrates your self-control and discipline. You may not have received recognition for these actions (as many may not even know that you are doing them), but they mean something to you . Another way to approach this essay is to talk about a personal challenge you had to overcome. Maybe it was a social problem you had to face in high school forcing you to stand up for a close friend, or a friend that passed away. These type of situations may not come off directly as proud accomplishments, but can be turned around to demonstrate how proud you are afterwards for sticking up for that friend or for being able to move on and be level-headed after that funeral. These type of situations show college admissions officers that you are able to turn lemons into lemonade. Your proudest accomplishment doesn’t have to be about the good times, it can also be about the bad— but if your choose this route, make sure to clearly explain why you it was a proud moment. This option allows you to be completely creative and take a bold risk . You could write about a community service project you are part of, why you think McDonalds is better than the West Coast In-N-Out, or your passion for figure skating (even though you always fall). The best essays will be ones where you unleash your inner personality and give insight into who you really are. You can take this in two ways. If you are funny, take a jab and write a humorous piece about the life of a high school AP Chemistry student. If you are very serious, maybe take time to reflect on how being serious your entire life has helped, or even hurt, you. Notre Dame wants you to take that risk with this essay and really express who you are (keep in mind you only have 150 words to do this though). If you have taken a creative writing class, or done some personal writing that is on the more creative side, this is the prompt for you. Explore with different forms of writing — poetry, satire, comedy, or even an extremely short 150 word story. This will be sure to stand out from the other applicants. If you feel uncomfortable with creative writing, you can go the more traditional route and talk freely about something you are passionate about. This more traditional essay pairs well if you have dedicated your past four years towards something you are really passionate about whether that be a certain political movement, club that you started, an organization you are on the board for, or research that you have done every summer. If you have something like that, this essay gives you the opportunity to expand on why those personal projects mean so much to you.    This essay could go incredibly well, or easily come off the wrong way to someone who doesn’t know you. So be sure to have other people read your essay (especially someone who might not know you well!). Taking this option, while it may have a high risk, also has high rewards. Want help on your Notre Dame application or essays? Learn about our College Apps Program . Want us to quickly edit your college essay? Submit it to our Rapid Review program , and we’ll get it back to you quickly with comments from our expert team. We'll send you information to help you throughout the college admissions process. Joyce Ivy Foundation Scholars-A Summer Opportunity for Women from the Midwest If you’ve ever received emails or correspondence from various organizations that claim you can be a part of an elite group of individuals, you are probably not alone. Many times, the opportunities offered sound too good to be true, and when you delve a little deeper, you learn that you can be this scholar or that scholar for an exorbitant fee. If you receive an email from the Joyce Ivy Foundation   making similar claims, don’t toss out the mail or delete the email. The Joyce Ivy Foundation is an organization that offers young women from across the Midwest the opportunity to become a Joyce Ivy Foundation Scholar, a position which includes myriad benefits, but without any hidden fees! If you are a woman from the Midwest and have aspirations of attending a highly selective university, read on to learn about how the Joyce Ivy Foundation can help you achieve your dreams. The Joyce Ivy Foundation was started in 2006 after a group of Midwest natives who had attended colleges such as Princeton, Harvard, Dartmouth, and Brown, came together with the goal of providing other young women from the Midwest the same educational opportunities they had. The founders realized that students from the Midwest were under-represented on the campuses of these highly selective universities due to lack of awareness about the opportunities and scholarships that were available to them. They also recognized that many students in the Midwest were unable to recognize their own talent or felt that they couldn’t compete with students from other parts of the country, and the foundation wanted to encourage young women to pursue various opportunities outside of their comfort zone. The Joyce Ivy Foundation created the Summer Scholars Program , which gives young women from the Midwest the opportunity to venture away from home during the summer to attend some of the most highly selective universities in the country. The foundation provides critical information about admissions, the financial aid process, the interview process, and connects scholars with peers and mentors to boost their confidence. Each year, the Joyce Ivy Foundation (JIF), names young women from Michigan, Ohio, Nebraska, Missouri, South Dakota, and North Dakota Joyce Ivy Foundation Scholars. In 2016, 78 Scholars were named from 70 different schools. Once selected as a JIF Scholar, students are offered the opportunity to attend summer programs at schools such as Yale, Harvard, MIT, Johns Hopkins, and more. The programs at these institutions vary in length, but most range from two to seven weeks. In some cases, students may be eligible to receive college credit for the coursework. Once on the campus of your selected university, you will be immersed in college classes, studying alongside university students. You will be taught by university professors, live in the college dorms, and experience life in a city. This experience allows you to have a college experience during your summer vacation that may prove to be life-changing. There are many highly qualified individuals that apply, and the selection process is very competitive. Selection criteria are based on academic record, intellectual qualities, involvement in extracurricular activities, and leadership in school and your community. You are more likely to be named a Joyce Ivy Scholar as a rising junior or senior, although there have been instances when an exceptional rising sophomore is selected. If you choose to apply as a rising sophomore, please understand that you will be competing against some of the top students in your state. The application is available in December for female students in their sophomore or junior year of high school.   On occasion, exceptional students may be chosen as rising sophomores. The application is very similar to the Common Application .   You  will be required to fill out similar forms and write essays from past and present Common Application prompts, which allows you to get a better understanding of the college application process. If you are applying for need-based financial aid, you will need to submit your parent’s tax documents to verify financial need. Our Early Advising Program helps students in 9th and 10th grade discover their passions and build strong academic and extracurricular profiles to succeed in high school. The Joyce Ivy Foundation has three levels of funding available for summer study. Funding levels are $6,000, $3,000 and $1,000. The funding is based on demonstrated financial need and is calculated estimating the full cost of attendance which includes tuition, room, board, travel, and spending money. The $1,000 award is merit-based, and although the application is the same, you will not be required to submit tax documents for this level of funding. Students will typically receive a partner scholarship from the university, and scholarship amounts will be determined by the cost of the specific summer program the student chooses to attend. In order to receive funding from the University and the Joyce Ivy Foundation, you must complete separate applications for the summer program as well as the Scholar program, and you must identify yourself as a Joyce Ivy applicant.   The Foundation encourages students to complete both applications early as funding is limited. Being named a JIF Scholar is not a prerequisite to attend a summer program. All programs that partner with JIF are open to any student, but being named a JIF Scholar confers additional financial and networking advantages. Once you are named a JIF Scholar, you will attain access to peer mentoring and support from the foundation regardless of whether or not you can attend a summer program. However, the funding you may receive can only be used for a summer program prior to graduating from high school and cannot be used for undergraduate study. The foundation has created geo-circles where students from across the Midwest are connected to each other and mentors from the organization to share information, concerns, questions, victories and defeats. The Scholars often find themselves connected for years to come and many form life-long friendships. â€Å"Receiving the opportunity to attend a summer program at Brown University stretched my comfort zone, and it provided me a first-hand experience of connecting with peers in a college environment. It opened my perspective and perception of others as I ventured outside of North Dakota, which I learned to thrive independently in a vibrant metropolitan city. Engaging in a high level academic environment allowed me to see how passionate other students were in their fields of study. The Joyce Ivy foundation served as my foundation to pursue my passion for education, as it fulfilled my desire for knowledge and learning to allow me to get into my dream school.† – Lynna, North Dakota JIF Scholar 2016 â€Å"My summer program at WashU was a life-changing experience. I came back home feeling more independent and confident than ever. Before that, I didn’t know if I had what it took to make it in to a prestigious university, but now I know that I can do anything I set my mind to. Without the generosity of the Joyce Ivy Foundation, I never would have had the amazing opportunity to travel, study, and meet people from all over the world!† – Megan, Michigan JIF Scholar 2016 Fun Facts about the 2016 JIF Scholars: The Joyce Ivy Foundation serves as a resource for young women throughout the Midwest. They believe in the transformative power of educational experiences that challenge students and raise aspirations. Each year, JIF also hosts a College Admission Symposium , where young women and their families are given the opportunity to connect with admission counselors from selective universities to learn more about the application process, financial aid and interviewing techniques. The symposium is held in May and pre-registration is required. The symposium is open to young women and their families regardless of if they are named a JIF Scholar. Each year, the foundation also hosts a gala for Joyce Ivy Scholars where they are recognized for their accomplishments. Scholars have the opportunity to visit with their peers throughout the evening, which provides an opportunity to make life-long connections with other young women that have similar dreams and aspirations. At , we work with students to help them develop a compelling admissions profile. This includes advising on summer opportunities. Learn more about our Mentorship program and how we can help you establish a competitive profile.

Ocational Training in Qatar Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Ocational Training in Qatar - Thesis Example The different levels of management expressed grave concern that the trainees were not well trained both technically and linguistically. Moreover, the programs are not line-specific and have no distinct patterns. The duration of the program is approximately 2.9 to 4 years which is too long and fails to lead to a recognized college level. The majority of the trainees indicated that they did not benefit much from the training programs. The training programs are not audited by an independent accrediting organization. Furthermore, too many parties of the parties that were involved in training the students had no training background. Lastly, the Qatari secondary school graduates are in high demand. It is thus recommended that non-Qatari’s whose mothers are Qaani’s and non-Qatari’s born in Qatar are included. The researcher observed that there were genuine efforts to equip the National Operators and Technicians with the best skills to best perform. The programs offered were, however, not based on market needs or international standards with unaccredited and uncertified TPP programs. The study was conducted in one of the LNG companies located in Qatar. The operations management believed that the quality of the Operators and Technicians needed to be enhanced to match that of its counterparts (reputable companies in the same business). The technicians belief are confirmed by the findings the review of the current status of the training when compared to best-practice benchmarks discussed in this thesis.The study was conducted in one of the LNG companies located in Qatar. The operations management believed that the quality of the Operators and Technicians needed to be enhanced to match that of its counterparts (reputable companies in the same business). The technician's belief is confirmed by the findings the review of the current status of the training when compared to best-practice benchmarks discussed in this thesis.The objective of this study, as a recap, is to compare QP training with major Oil and Gas companies in the GCC and to identify the gaps, with the emph asis being placed on O/G Operators and Technicians training.

Making money online Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Making money online - Coursework Example Communication has been enhanced, and, therefore, information flows more efficiently from one person to the next regardless of place and time. Markets are now defined mostly in terms of the number of potential buyers and consumers. There exists a very large global market that has provided the opportunity for online businesses to thrive. Many organizations now conduct most of their marketing and sales online. Moreover, individuals undertaking online jobs and assignments have made a considerable amount of money through the niche. Prism Enterprise considers departmentation as a key element of an organization’s structure. Therefore, the firm has adopted the functional organizational structure. The structure is most desirable as it enables the management to establish the key functions of the organization and thus create departments from the functions. The main functions carried out by Prism Enterprise are Finance, Sales and Marketing, Manufacturing, Distribution, and Research and Development (Study.com, 2015). There are a lot of benefits derived from the application of such a structure. Each department is given its due attention, and workers in the various departments specialize in their tasks thus improving productivity and quality. Moreover, it enhances delegation and makes managers accountable. The Span of control is another element of an organization’s structure that has been used by the firm to design its structure. The business applies the tall structure of an organization. The structure minimizes possibilities of making errors and fraud in an organization due to the increased degree of control and supervision. The work-load of managers is also substantially reduced, and unity of command is guaranteed. Employees only report to one boss thus chances of conflicts of interests and power struggles are eliminated. The business is faced with various internal and external environmental factors. The

What books to read Essay Example for Free

What books to read Essay 1. Blind Man With a Pistol – Chester Hines 2. The French Lieutenant’s Woman – John Fowles 3. The Green Man – Kingsley Amis 4. Portnoy’s Complaint – Philip Roth 5. Ada – Vladimir Nabokov 6. Them – Joyce Carol Oates 7. A Void/Avoid – Georges Perec 8. Eva Trout – Elizabeth Bowen 9. Myra Breckinridge – Gore Vidal 10. The Nice and the Good – Iris Murdoch 11. Belle du Seigneur – Albert Cohen 12. Dark as the Grave Wherein My Friend is Laid – Malcolm Lowry 13. The German Lesson – Siegfried Lenz 14. In Watermelon Sugar – Richard Brautigan 15. A Kestrel for a Knave – Barry Hines 16. The Quest for Christa T. – Christa Wolf. 17. Chocky – John Wyndham 18. The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test – Tom Wolfe 19. The Cubs and Other Stories – Mario Vargas Llosa 20. One Hundred Years of Solitude Gabriel Garcia Marquez 21. The Master and Margarita – Mikhail Bulgakov 22. Pilgrimage – Dorothy Richardson 23. The Joke – Milan Kundera 24. No Laughing Matter – Angus Wilson 25. The Third Policeman – Flann O’Brien 26. A Man Asleep – Georges Perec 27. The Birds Fall Down – Rebecca West 28. Trawl – B. S. Johnson 29. In Cold Blood – Truman Capote 30. The Magus – John Fowles 31. The Vice-Consul – Marguerite Duras 32. Wide Sargasso Sea – Jean Rhys 33. Giles Goat-Boy – John Barth 34. The Crying of Lot 49 – Thomas Pynchon 35. Things – Georges Perec 36. The River Between – Ngugi wa Thiong’o 37. August is a Wicked Month – Edna O’Brien 38. God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater – Kurt Vonnegut 39. Everything That Rises Must Converge – Flannery O’Connor 40. The Passion According to G. H. – Clarice Lispector 41. Sometimes a Great Notion – Ken Kesey 42. Come Back, Dr. Caligari – Donald Bartholme 43. Albert Angelo – B. S. Johnson 44. Arrow of God – Chinua Achebe 45. The Ravishing of Lol V. Stein – Marguerite Duras 46. Herzog – Saul Bellow 47. V. – Thomas Pynchon 48. Cat’s Cradle – Kurt Vonnegut 49. The Graduate – Charles Webb 50. Manon des Sources – Marcel Pagnol 51. The Spy Who Came in from the Cold – John Le Carre 52. The Girls of Slender Means – Muriel Spark 53. Inside Mr. Enderby – Anthony Burgess 54. The Bell Jar – Sylvia Plath 55. One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich – Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn 56. The Collector – John Fowles 57. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest – Ken Kesey 58. A Clockwork Orange – Anthony Burgess 59. Pale Fire – Vladimir Nabokov 60. The Drowned World – J. G. Ballard 61. The Golden Notebook – Doris Lessing 62. Labyrinths – Jorg Luis Borges 63. Girl With Green Eyes – Edna O’Brien 64. The Garden of the Finzi-Continis – Giorgio Bassani 65. Stranger in a Strange Land – Robert Heinlein 66. Franny and Zooey – J. D. Salinger 67. A Severed Head – Iris Murdoch 68. Faces in the Water – Janet Frame 69. Solaris – Stanislaw Lem 70. Cat and Mouse – Gunter Grass 71. The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie – Muriel Spark 72. Catch-22 – Joseph Heller 73. The Violent Bear it Away – Flannery O’Connor 74. How It Is – Samuel Beckett 75. Our Ancestors – Italo Calvino 76. The Country Girls – Edna O’Brien 77. Rabbit, Run – John Updike 78. Promise at Dawn – Romain Gary 79. Cider With Rosie – Laurie Lee. 80. Billy Liar – Keith Waterhouse 81. Naked Lunch – William Burroughs 82. The Tin Drum – Gunter Grass 83. Absolute Beginners – Colin MacInnes 84. Henderson the Rain King – Saul Bellow 85. Memento Mori – Muriel Spark 86. Billiards at Half-Past Nine – Heinrich Boll 87. Breakfast at Tiffany’s – Truman Capote 88. The Leopard – Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa 89. Pluck the Bud and Destroy the Offspring – Kenzaburo Oe 90. A Town Like Alice – Nevil Shute 91. The Bitter Glass – Eilis Dillon 92. Things Fall Apart – Chinua Achebe 93. Saturday Night and Sunday Morning – Alan Sillitoe 94. Mrs. ‘Arris Goes to Paris – Paul Gallico 95. Borstal Boy – Brendan Behan 96. The End of the Road – John Barth 97. The Once and Future King – T. H. White 98. The Bell – Iris Murdoch 99. Jealousy – Alain Robbe-Grillet 100. Voss – Patrick White 101. The Midwich Cuckoos – John Wyndham 102. Blue Noon – Georges Bataille 103. Homo Faber – Max Frisch 104. On the Road – Jack Kerouac 105. Pnin – Vladimir Nabokov 106. Doctor Zhivago – Boris Pasternak 107. The Wonderful â€Å"O† – James Thurber 108. Justine – Lawrence Durrell 109. Giovanni’s Room – James Baldwin 110. The Lonely Londoners – Sam Selvon 111. The Roots of Heaven – Romain Gary 112. Seize the Day – Saul Bellow 113. The Floating Opera – John Barth 114. The Lord of the Rings – J. R. R. Tolkien 115. The Talented Mr. Ripley – Patricia Highsmith 116. Lolita – Vladimir Nabokov 117. A World of Love – Elizabeth Bowen 118. The Trusting and the Maimed – James Plunkett 119. The Quiet American – Graham Greene 120. The Last Temptation of Christ – Nikos Kazantzakis 121. The Recognitions – William Gaddis 122. The Ragazzi – Pier Paulo Pasolini 123. Bonjour Tristesse – Francoise Sagan 124. I’m Not Stiller – Max Frisch 125. Self Condemned – Wyndham Lewis 126. The Story of O – Pauline Reage 127. A Ghost at Noon – Alberto Moravia 128. Lord of the Flies – William Golding 129. Under the Net – Iris Murdoch 130. The Go-Between – L. P. Hartley 131. The Long Goodbye – Raymond Chandler 132. The Unnamable – Samuel Beckett 133. Watt – Samuel Beckett 134. Lucky Jim – Kingsley Amis 135. Junkie – William Burroughs 136. The Adventures of Augie March – Saul Bellow 137. Go Tell It on the Mountain – James Baldwin 138. Casino Royale – Ian Fleming 139. The Judge and His Hangman – Friedrich Durrenmatt 140. Invisible Man – Ralph Ellison 141. The Old Man and the Sea – Ernest Hemingway 142. Wise Blood – Flannery O’Connor 143. The Killer Inside Me – Jim Thompson 144. Memoirs of Hadrian – Marguerite Yourcenar 145. Malone Dies – Samuel Beckett 146. Day of the Triffids – John Wyndham 147. Foundation – Isaac Asimov 148. The Opposing Shore – Julien Gracq 149. The Catcher in the Rye – J. D. Salinger 150. The Rebel – Albert Camus 151. Molloy – Samuel Beckett 152. The End of the Affair – Graham Greene 153. The Abbot C – Georges Bataille 154. The Labyrinth of Solitude – Octavio Paz 155. The Third Man – Graham Greene 156. The 13 Clocks – James Thurber 157. Gormenghast – Mervyn Peake 158. The Grass is Singing – Doris Lessing 159. I, Robot – Isaac Asimov 160. The Moon and the Bonfires – Cesare Pavese. 161. The Garden Where the Brass Band Played – Simon Vestdijk 162. Love in a Cold Climate – Nancy Mitford 163. The Case of Comrade Tulayev – Victor Serge 164. The Heat of the Day – Elizabeth Bowen 165. Kingdom of This World – Alejo Carpentier 166. The Man With the Golden Arm – Nelson Algren 167. Nineteen Eighty-Four – George Orwell 168. All About H. Hatterr – G. V. Desani 169. Disobedience – Alberto Moravia 170. Death Sentence – Maurice Blanchot 171. The Heart of the Matter – Graham Greene 172. Cry, the Beloved Country – Alan Paton 173. Doctor Faustus – Thomas Mann 174. The Victim – Saul Bellow 175. Exercises in Style – Raymond Queneau 176. If This Is a Man – Primo Levi 177. Under the Volcano – Malcolm Lowry 178. The Path to the Nest of Spiders – Italo Calvino 179. The Plague – Albert Camus 180. Back – Henry Green 181. Titus Groan – Mervyn Peake 182. The Bridge on the Drina – Ivo Andri? 183. Brideshead Revisited – Evelyn Waugh 184. Animal Farm – George Orwell 185. Cannery Row – John Steinbeck 186. The Pursuit of Love – Nancy Mitford 187. Loving – Henry Green 188. Arcanum 17 – Andre Breton 189. Christ Stopped at Eboli – Carlo Levi 190. The Razor’s Edge – William Somerset Maugham 191. Transit – Anna Seghers 192. Ficciones – Jorge Luis Borges 193. Dangling Man – Saul Bellow 194. Caught – Henry Green 195. The Glass Bead Game – Herman Hesse 196. Embers – Sandor Marai 197. Go Down, Moses – William Faulkner 198. The Outsider – Albert Camus 199. In Sicily – Elio Vittorini 200. The Poor Mouth – Flann O’Brien 201. The Living and the Dead – Patrick White 202. Hangover Square – Patrick Hamilton 203. Between the Acts – Virginia Woolf 204. The Hamlet – William Faulkner 205. Farewell My Lovely – Raymond Chandler 206. For Whom the Bell Tolls – Ernest Hemingway 207. Native Son – Richard Wright 208. The Power and the Glory – Graham Greene. 209. The Tartar Steppe – Dino Buzzati 210. Party Going – Henry Green 211. The Grapes of Wrath – John Steinbeck 212. Finnegans Wake – James Joyce 213. At Swim-Two-Birds – Flann O’Brien 214. Coming Up for Air – George Orwell 215. Goodbye to Berlin – Christopher Isherwood 216. Tropic of Capricorn – Henry Miller 217. Good Morning, Midnight – Jean Rhys 218. The Big Sleep – Raymond Chandler 219. After the Death of Don Juan – Sylvie Townsend Warner 220. Miss Pettigrew Lives for a Day – Winifred Watson 221. Nausea – Jean-Paul Sartre 222. Cause for Alarm – Eric Ambler 223. Brighton Rock – Graham Greene 224. U. S. A. – John Dos Passos 225. Murphy – Samuel Beckett 226. Of Mice and Men – John Steinbeck 227. Their Eyes Were Watching God – Zora Neale Hurston 228. The Hobbit – J. R. R. Tolkien 229. The Years – Virginia Woolf 230. In Parenthesis – David Jones 231. The Revenge for Love – Wyndham Lewis 232. Out of Africa – Isak Dineson (Karen Blixen) 233. To Have and Have Not – Ernest Hemingway 234. Summer Will Show – Sylvia Townsend Warner 235. Eyeless in Gaza – Aldous Huxley 236. The Thinking Reed – Rebecca West 237. Keep the Aspidistra Flying – George Orwell 238. Wild Harbour – Ian MacPherson 239. Absalom, Absalom! – William Faulkner. 240. At the Mountains of Madness – H. P. Lovecraft 241. Nightwood – Djuna Barnes 242. Independent People – Halldor Laxness 243. Auto-da-Fe – Elias Canetti 244. The Last of Mr. Norris – Christopher Isherwood 245. They Shoot Horses, Don’t They? – Horace McCoy 246. The House in Paris – Elizabeth Bowen 247. England Made Me – Graham Greene 248. Burmese Days – George Orwell 249. The Nine Tailors – Dorothy L. Sayers 250. Threepenny Novel – Bertolt Brecht 251. Novel With Cocaine – M. Ageyev 252. The Postman Always Rings Twice – James M. Cain 253. Tropic of Cancer – Henry Miller 254. A Handful of Dust – Evelyn Waugh. 255. Tender is the Night – F. Scott Fitzgerald 256. Thank You, Jeeves – P. G. Wodehouse 257. Call it Sleep – Henry Roth 258. Miss Lonelyhearts – Nathanael West 259. Murder Must Advertise – Dorothy L. Sayers 260. The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas – Gertrude Stein 261. Testament of Youth – Vera Brittain 262. A Day Off – Storm Jameson 263. The Man Without Qualities – Robert Musil 264. A Scots Quair (Sunset Song) – Lewis Grassic Gibbon 265. Journey to the End of the Night – Louis-Ferdinand Celine 266. Brave New World – Aldous Huxley 267. Cold Comfort Farm – Stella Gibbons 268. To the North – Elizabeth Bowen 269. The Thin Man – Dashiell Hammett 270. The Radetzky March – Joseph Roth 271. The Waves – Virginia Woolf 272. The Glass Key – Dashiell Hammett 273. Cakes and Ale – W. Somerset Maugham 274. The Apes of God – Wyndham Lewis 275. Her Privates We – Frederic Manning 276. Vile Bodies – Evelyn Waugh 277. The Maltese Falcon – Dashiell Hammett 278. Hebdomeros – Giorgio de Chirico 279. Passing – Nella Larsen 280. A Farewell to Arms – Ernest Hemingway 281. Red Harvest – Dashiell Hammett 282. Living – Henry Green 283. The Time of Indifference – Alberto Moravia 284. All Quiet on the Western Front – Erich Maria Remarque 285. Berlin Alexanderplatz – Alfred Doblin 286. The Last September – Elizabeth Bowen 287. Harriet Hume – Rebecca West 288. The Sound and the Fury – William Faulkner 289. Les Enfants Terribles – Jean Cocteau 290. Look Homeward, Angel – Thomas Wolfe 291. Story of the Eye – Georges Bataille 292. Orlando – Virginia Woolf 293. Lady Chatterley’s Lover – D. H. Lawrence 294. The Well of Loneliness – Radclyffe Hall 295. The Childermass – Wyndham Lewis 296. Quartet – Jean Rhys 297. Decline and Fall – Evelyn Waugh 298. Quicksand – Nella Larsen 299. Parade’s End – Ford Madox Ford 300. Nadja – Andre Breton 301. Steppenwolf – Herman Hesse 302. Remembrance of Things Past – Marcel Proust 303. To The Lighthouse – Virginia Woolf 304. Tarka the Otter – Henry Williamson 305. Amerika – Franz Kafka 306. The Sun Also Rises – Ernest Hemingway 307. Blindness – Henry Green 308. The Castle – Franz Kafka 309. The Good Soldier Svejk – Jaroslav Hasek 310. The Plumed Serpent – D. H. Lawrence 311. One, None and a Hundred Thousand – Luigi Pirandello 312. The Making of Americans – Gertrude Stein 313. Manhattan Transfer – John Dos Passos 314. Mrs. Dalloway – Virginia Woolf 315. The Great Gatsby – F. Scott Fitzgerald 316. The Counterfeiters – Andre Gide 317. The Trial – Franz Kafka. 318. The Artamonov Business – Maxim Gorky 319. The Professor’s House – Willa Cather 320. Billy Budd, Foretopman – Herman Melville 321. The Green Hat – Michael Arlen 322. The Magic Mountain – Thomas Mann 323. We – Yevgeny Zamyatin 324. A Passage to India – E. M. Forster 325. The Devil in the Flesh – Raymond Radiguet 326. Zeno’s Conscience – Italo Svevo 327. Cane – Jean Toomer 328. Antic Hay – Aldous Huxley 329. Amok – Stefan Zweig 330. The Garden Party – Katherine Mansfield 331. The Enormous Room – E. E. Cummings 332. Jacob’s Room – Virginia Woolf 333. Siddhartha – Herman Hesse 334. The Glimpses of the Moon – Edith Wharton. 335. Life and Death of Harriett Frean – May Sinclair 336. The Last Days of Humanity – Karl Kraus 337. Aaron’s Rod – D. H. Lawrence 338. Babbitt – Sinclair Lewis 339. Ulysses – James Joyce 340. The Fox – D. H. Lawrence 341. Crome Yellow – Aldous Huxley 342. The Age of Innocence – Edith Wharton 343. Main Street – Sinclair Lewis 344. Women in Love – D. H. Lawrence 345. Night and Day – Virginia Woolf 346. Tarr – Wyndham Lewis 347. The Return of the Soldier – Rebecca West 348. The Shadow Line – Joseph Conrad 349. Summer – Edith Wharton 350. Growth of the Soil – Knut Hamsen 351. Bunner Sisters – Edith Wharton. 352. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man – James Joyce 353. Under Fire – Henri Barbusse 354. Rashomon – Akutagawa Ryunosuke 355. The Good Soldier – Ford Madox Ford 356. The Voyage Out – Virginia Woolf 357. Of Human Bondage – William Somerset Maugham 358. The Rainbow – D. H. Lawrence 359. The Thirty-Nine Steps – John Buchan 360. Kokoro – Natsume Soseki 361. Locus Solus – Raymond Roussel 362. Rosshalde – Herman Hesse 363. Tarzan of the Apes – Edgar Rice Burroughs 364. The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists – Robert Tressell 365. Sons and Lovers – D. H. Lawrence 366. Death in Venice – Thomas Mann 367. The Charwoman’s Daughter – James Stephens 368. Ethan Frome – Edith Wharton 369. Fantomas – Marcel Allain and Pierre Souvestre 370. Howards End – E. M. Forster 371. Impressions of Africa – Raymond Roussel 372. Three Lives – Gertrude Stein 373. Martin Eden – Jack London 374. Strait is the Gate – Andre Gide 375. Tono-Bungay – H. G. Wells 376. The Inferno – Henri Barbusse 377. A Room With a View – E. M. Forster 378. The Iron Heel – Jack London 379. The Old Wives’ Tale – Arnold Bennett 380. The House on the Borderland – William Hope Hodgson 381. Mother – Maxim Gorky 382. The Secret Agent – Joseph Conrad 383. The Jungle – Upton Sinclair. 384. Young Torless – Robert Musil 385. The Forsyte Sage – John Galsworthy 386. The House of Mirth – Edith Wharton 387. Professor Unrat – Heinrich Mann 388. Where Angels Fear to Tread – E. M. Forster 389. Nostromo – Joseph Conrad 390. Hadrian the Seventh – Frederick Rolfe 391. The Golden Bowl – Henry James 392. The Ambassadors – Henry James 393. The Riddle of the Sands – Erskine Childers 394. The Immoralist – Andre Gide 395. The Wings of the Dove – Henry James 396. Heart of Darkness – Joseph Conrad 397. The Hound of the Baskervilles – Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 398. Buddenbrooks – Thomas Mann 399. Kim – Rudyard Kipling 400. Sister Carrie – Theodore Dreiser 401. Lord Jim – Joseph Conrad 402. Some Experiences of an Irish R. M. – Somerville and Ross 403. The Stechlin – Theodore Fontane 404. The Awakening – Kate Chopin 405. The Turn of the Screw – Henry James 406. The War of the Worlds – H. G. Wells 407. The Invisible Man – H. G. Wells 408. What Maisie Knew – Henry James 409. Fruits of the Earth – Andre Gide 410. Quo Vadis – Henryk Sienkiewicz 411. The Island of Dr. Moreau – H. G. Wells 412. The Time Machine – H. G. Wells 413. Effi Briest – Theodore Fontane 414. Jude the Obscure – Thomas Hardy 415. The Real Charlotte – Somerville and Ross. 416. The Yellow Wallpaper – Charlotte Perkins Gilman 417. Born in Exile – George Gissing 418. Diary of a Nobody – George Weedon Grossmith 419. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes – Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 420. News from Nowhere – William Morris 421. New Grub Street – George Gissing 422. Gosta Berling’s Saga – Selma Lagerlof 423. Tess of the D’Urbervilles – Thomas Hardy 424. The Picture of Dorian Gray – Oscar Wilde 425. The Kreutzer Sonata – Leo Tolstoy 426. La Bete Humaine – Emile Zola 427. By the Open Sea – August Strindberg 428. Hunger – Knut Hamsun 429. The Master of Ballantrae – Robert Louis Stevenson 430. Pierre and Jean – Guy de Maupassant 431. Fortunata and Jacinta – Benito Perez Galdes 432. The People of Hemso – August Strindberg 433. The Woodlanders – Thomas Hardy 434. She – H. Rider Haggard 435. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde – Robert Louis Stevenson 436. The Mayor of Casterbridge – Thomas Hardy 437. Kidnapped – Robert Louis Stevenson 438. King Solomon’s Mines – H. Rider Haggard 439. Germinal – Emile Zola 440. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn – Mark Twain 441. Bel-Ami – Guy de Maupassant 442. Marius the Epicurean – Walter Pater 443. Against the Grain – Joris-Karl Huysmans 444. The Death of Ivan Ilyich – Leo Tolstoy. 445. A Woman’s Life – Guy de Maupassant 446. The House by the Medlar Tree – Giovanni Verga 447. The Portrait of a Lady – Henry James 448. Bouvard and Pecuchet – Gustave Flaubert 449. Ben-Hur – Lew Wallace 450. Nana – Emile Zola 451. The Brothers Karamazov – Fyodor Dostoevsky 452. The Red Room – August Strindberg 453. Return of the Native – Thomas Hardy 454. Anna Karenina – Leo Tolstoy 455. Drunkard – Emile Zola 456. Virgin Soil – Ivan Turgenev 457. Daniel Deronda – George Eliot 458. The Hand of Ethelberta – Thomas Hardy 459. The Temptation of Saint Anthony – Gustave Flaubert 460. Far from the Madding Crowd – Thomas Hardy. 461. The Enchanted Wanderer – Nicolai Leskov 462. Around the World in Eighty Days – Jules Verne 463. In a Glass Darkly – Sheridan Le Fanu 464. The Devils – Fyodor Dostoevsky 465. Erewhon – Samuel Butler 466. Spring Torrents – Ivan Turgenev 467. Middlemarch – George Eliot 468. Through the Looking Glass, and What Alice Found There – Lewis Carroll 469. King Lear of the Steppes – Ivan Turgenev 470. He Knew He Was Right – Anthony Trollope 471. War and Peace – Leo Tolstoy 472. Sentimental Education – Gustave Flaubert 473. Phineas Finn – Anthony Trollope 474. Maldoror – Comte de Lautreaumont 475. The Idiot – Fyodor Dostoevsky. 476. The Moonstone – Wilkie Collins 477. Therese Raquin – Emile Zola 478. The Last Chronicle of Barset – Anthony Trollope 479. Journey to the Centre of the Earth – Jules Verne 480. Crime and Punishment – Fyodor Dostoevsky 481. Our Mutual Friend – Charles Dickens 482. Uncle Silas – Sheridan Le Fanu 483. Notes from the Underground – Fyodor Dostoevsky 484. The Water-Babies – Charles Kingsley 485. Fathers and Sons – Ivan Turgenev 486. Silas Marner – George Eliot 487. On the Eve – Ivan Turgenev 488. Castle Richmond – Anthony Trollope 489. The Mill on the Floss – George Eliot 490. The Marble Faun – Nathaniel Hawthorne 491. Max Havelaar – Multatuli 492. A Tale of Two Cities – Charles Dickens 493. Oblomovka – Ivan Goncharov 494. Adam Bede – George Eliot 495. Madame Bovary – Gustave Flaubert 496. North and South – Elizabeth Gaskell 497. Hard Times – Charles Dickens 498. Walden – Henry David Thoreau 499. Bleak House – Charles Dickens 500. Villette – Charlotte Bronte 501. Cranford – Elizabeth Gaskell 502. Uncle Tom’s Cabin; or, Life Among the Lonely – Harriet Beecher Stowe 503. The Blithedale Romance – Nathaniel Hawthorne 504. The House of the Seven Gables – Nathaniel Hawthorne 505. Shirley – Charlotte Bronte 506. Mary Barton – Elizabeth Gaskell 507. The Tenant of Wildfell Hall – Anne Bronte 508. Wuthering Heights – Emily Bronte 509. Agnes Grey – Anne Bronte 510. Vanity Fair – William Makepeace Thackeray 511. La Reine Margot – Alexandre Dumas 512. The Three Musketeers – Alexandre Dumas 513. The Purloined Letter – Edgar Allan Poe 514. Martin Chuzzlewit – Charles Dickens 515. The Pit and the Pendulum – Edgar Allan Poe 516. Lost Illusions – Honore de Balzac 517. Dead Souls – Nikolay Gogol 518. The Charterhouse of Parma – Stendhal 519. The Fall of the House of Usher – Edgar Allan Poe 520. The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby – Charles Dickens 521. The Nose – Nikolay Gogol. 522. Le Pere Goriot – Honore de Balzac 523. Eugenie Grandet – Honore de Balzac 524. The Red and the Black – Stendhal 525. The Betrothed – Alessandro Manzoni 526. Last of the Mohicans – James Fenimore Cooper 527. The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner – James Hogg 528. The Albigenses – Charles Robert Maturin 529. Melmoth the Wanderer – Charles Robert Maturin 530. The Monastery – Sir Walter Scott 531. Ivanhoe – Sir Walter Scott 532. Ormond – Maria Edgeworth 533. Rob Roy – Sir Walter Scott 534. The Absentee – Maria Edgeworth 535. Elective Affinities – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 536. Castle Rackrent – Maria Edgeworth.

The Greatest Day :: essays research papers

â€Å"Buzz† Aldrin, pilot of the Lunar module for the Apollo 11 space flight to the moon, coincided in his priest shortly before the launch of Apollo 11. Aldrin was scared that neither the Apollo 11 mission commander Neil Armstrong, nor the public would understand the social and philosophical ramifications of landing on the moon. Shortly after the Lunar Module landed at Tranquility base, on the surface of the moon on July 20, 1969, Aldrin asked NASA officials and everyone else who might be listening to take a minute of personal prayer and contemplate what man had just accomplished. Aldrin then preformed he ritual of communion in the Lunar Module. Of a Fire on the Moon, a book surrounding the events of the Apollo 11 journey to the moon, was written by Norman mailer during the historic Apollo 11 mission in 1969. Mailer was approached to write a book about the Space program shortly after he lost a highly publicized race for the Mayor of New York City. Mailer had little or no money, and was given one million-dollars to write the book. For Mailer the third week of July 1969 pointed toward an end†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦a curious depression full of fevers, forebodings, and a general sense that the century was done-it had ended in the summer of 1969. â€Å" 1. Mailer’s apocalyptic view of 1969 and the end of a century is a reoccurring theme behind Mailer’s look at the United States Space Program and the flight of Apollo 11. Mailer can only see the political goals of going to the moon, not the romanticism and spirituality that surrounded it. Mailer saw the flight of Apollo 11 as a gigantic, technological achievement, but Mailer believes the technology was developed for all the wrong reasons. 2 Throughout the first few chapter Of a Fire on the Moon, the reader becomes aware of Mailer’s stance on the United States Space Program, and Mailer’s own political and personal beliefs. Mailer was torn in his understanding of why man was attempting to travel to the moon: â€Å"Intended by divine will to travel across the heavens, we were now at the least on our way to the moon, and who could know if we were ahead or behind of some schedule the lord had presented us, a schedule which presumably each man and woman alive would keep in the depths of their unconscious along with everything else most vital for the preservation of life.

Infomercial Analyis

Insanity Infomercial The Beach Body Insanity program boasts as being the hardest workout on DVD. This comes across different than most programs offering to assist with weight loss and exercise. Most info commercials, today try to lure the consumers in by how easy the program is to follow and how effortless the workout is; and some even claim that a lifestyle change is not necessary. The Insanity program has people saying how hard this program is, that the program requires dedication and a decision to change your lifestyle.Incorporating the Insanity program into an individual’s lifestyle will take a commitment to make 45 minutes a day for the workout and to plan to eat healthy. Most people can make time for this workout; especially since it does not require any special equipment; you use your body as resistance, stretching and is a very high cardiovascular exercises. Whether you are in shape or a coach potato, this comes across as not for the faint at heart; not many programs t rying to sell it to someone trying to get in shape that people have thrown up on the first day.One of the benefits about Insanity is that there are DVDs, while there is a preplanned work out on a printed calendar to follow, can be customized to fit any fitness program by pausing the program or taking the necessary breaks one needs and to start back. Most people can stick to a program for 30 days, with this program it indicates that you will see results in that time frame; as well as seeing a body that would take most people a year to achieve in 60 days. This program seems to be expensive, with shipping and handling it cost $145. 0; if you take into account that a gym membership is $20. 00 a month, then the membership alone would $240. 00 for a year. To be able to achieve the results that the commercial states a physical trainer would need to set a workout program for most people at an additional cost. Taking the cost of a year’s membership at a local gym and a program that st ates you can see the same results in 60 days, the amount of time that would be saved this program is comparable and cheaper than other fitness programs.I believe that the Insanity program has truthfully presented the potential benefits of the program because it is not promising an easy fix. It clearly states that dedication and a commitment is necessary. It also comes across as not easy by offering a reward for completing the 60 day program. It also, discusses that a nutritional change is required. An alternative to Insanity would be a workout totaling 45 minute workout.I would recommend doing the following: * 1500-caloric intake diet high in protein and fiber; low in fat and sugar. * Exercising 6 days a week * High intensity exercises with less rest time 4 days. * Yoga the other 2 day. Making lifestyle changes and adding an exercise program is going to be hard and take dedication. Whether you decide to purchase a program from an infomercial, walk in your neighborhood or join a gym; it is important to just commit and allow room for error but make the necessary changes to have a healthier lifestyle.

Development and Globalisation Essay

Development and Globalisation Development A process of social and economic advancement in terms of the quality of human life. Development can involve can involve economic, demographic, social political and cultural changes. Development is a term that can be used in many different contexts whether it is social, economical, political etc. However generally development refers to an improvement in certain areas: †¢ Economic o An increase in the country’s economy with a shift from secondary to tertiary industry which becomes less dependent on FDI. †¢ Demographic An increase in population and a more ageing population as standard of living increases. Birth rates and death rates drop as life expectancy increases. †¢ Social o An increase in the range of services, increased land prices and a more multicultural society. Greater access to education, health care and communication †¢ Political o More democratic and more influence on the ‘global stage’. Stabl e government, no dictatorship. †¢ Cultural development o Greater equality for women and better race relations in multicultural societies. Measuring Development GDP- Gross Domestic Product – the value of all the goods and services produced in a country in a year, in $US, usually expressed as â€Å"per capita† (per person). PPP (purchasing power parity)* figures are more useful. *Adjusted for loss of living GNP- The total value of goods and services produced by one country in a year, plus all net income earned from overseas sources, in $US. HDI- Human Development Index: It is a summary composite index that measures a country’s average achievements in three basic aspects of human development: health, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. Life Expectancy †¢ Literacy Rate †¢ Standard of Living (measured in GDP per capita) It gives a more complete picture of development of a country than GDP alone as it considers social factors and not just economic factors. Development Continuum Originally there were three groupings that made up the development continuum, they were: †¢ First World (those developed countr ies that had a democratic government and a strong economy) †¢ Second World (communist countries) †¢ Third World (UN developed countries) However as time has gone on newer economies have started to develop caused by different development patterns and speeds. The Development gap †¢ The gap between rich and poor countries †¢ Most commonly, the gap is thought of in terms of income/economics †¢ It also social, environmental and even political aspects There was a suggested North/South divide originating from the Brandt report in 1980, where the north accounted for 80% of GDP but only 20% of the population; however this too requires some artistic licence and is a very general way of dividing countries. There are more accurate ways of grouping countries as listed below and as countries move through the development continuum countries pass from one category to another: †¢ Developed (MDC’s – the most well developed countries eg. UK) †¢ Developing (Countries which are undergoing development – arguably they all are. Eg. Malaysia) †¢ LDC’s (Least Developed Countries – eg. Ethiopia) †¢ NIC’s (Newly Industrialised Countries – Have just finished development (10 years or so) Eg. China) †¢ RIC’s (Recently Industrialised Countries – Further behind than the NIC’s eg. Dubai) Centrally Planned Economies (The few remaining communist countries eg. North Korea) †¢ Oil Rich Countries (Countries rich in oil eg. Saudi Arabia) Causes for the Development Gap †¢ Colonialisation – colonial powers took resources from poorer countries †¢ Price of commodities is often controlled by TNCs ensurin g high profits for MEDC firms and low prices paid to LEDC producers – Fair trade set up in reaction to this. †¢ LEDCs are now primary producers – producing low cost commodities, e. g. bananas †¢ Primary commodities have fallen in price, or stayed steady, while commodities they need has increased, e. . oil What is preventing the Development gap from closing? †¢ Many LEDCs main industry is as primary producers – generally low profit †¢ Internatnioal trade dominated by TNCs †¢ Rapid The Asian Tigers Who or what are the Asian Tigers? Asian economies that have progressed economically at such substantial rates that have come to rival the earning capacity and quality of living of those being first-world countries – Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and South Korea. Globalisation Globalisation: The increased inter-connection in the world’s economic, cultural and political systems. Positives |Negatives | |Allowed the movement of people m ore easily |Uncontrolled migration | |Increased foreign trade |Inequality in wealth | |More access to food, services, healthcare etc. ll over the world |Heavy environmental cost | | |Loss of countries individual cultures, global cutters | †¢ Globalisation began in the 19th century as there was the beginning of movement of people and goods; †¢ Increase in independence †¢ Increase in trade as well as the spread of industry †¢ Beginning of Trans National Corporations. Globalisation continued in the 20th century and was shaped by a number of factors including: 1. Emergence of free markets (capitalist economy) 2. Deregulation of world financial markets 3. The establishment of the General Agreements of Tariffs and Trade (GATT) –the WTO which sought to lower trade barriers. 4. The emergence of trade blocs 5. The establishment of the IMF and the World Bank 6. Development of global marketing and the continuing rise of TNCs. Flows †¢ Capital o ICT allows cheap, reliable and almost instantaneous communication o Allows sharing information o Allows transfer of capital o Allows Marketing around the world †¢ Labour o Improved transport for people Size of air craft o Low cost airlines o High speed rail links o Specialised workers- doctors, ICT etc. o Unskilled workers †¢ Products and services o Integrated networks o Goods handling o Computing logistics o Container revolution o Improved transport for goods o Global marketing, the world as one market and create products that fit various regional market places e. g. coca-cola and McDon alds Patterns of production, distribution and consumption Manufacturing has gone from developed countries to lower wage economies. This is known as the GLOBAL SHIFT, which is brought about by FDI by TNCs. Many LEDC’S have benefited from the transfer of technology which has meant these countries can raise their productivity without raising their wages to the level of the developed countries. This has lead to the de-industrialisation of richer countries and the focus on tertiary and quaternary industry. There has also been outsourcing of service operations, such as call centres, Mumbai, this extends the influence on a global scale also the employment costs are a lot lower even though there is a highly educated workforce. Positive and negatives of the global shift Positives for MEDCs |Negatives for MEDCs | |Movement of polluting industries away from their country |Could lead to wide spread unemployment | |Growth in LEDC’s may lead to demand for exports from MEDCs |Loss of skills | |Cheaper imports can keep the cost of living down benefiting the retail |Negative multiplier effect | |sector |Large gap between skilled and unskilled workers who may experience | |Labour market f lexibility and efficiency |extreme redeployment differences | |Development of new technologies leading to investment |deindustrialisation of some areas, such as the North | |Help to reduce inflation | | |Positives for LEDC’s and NIC’s |Negatives for LEDC’s | |Development of new industries Rapid urbanisation and rural-urban migration | |Increased employment |Westernised approach to economy | |Helps to reduce development gap |Increased environmental damage die to polluting industries | |Increased FDI and investment which can lead to improved services such as |Exploitation of labour | |infrastructure, health care and education |Disruptive social impacts | |Increased exports helps BoPs, and increases income and GDP |Over-dependant on one industry | |New technologies |Destabilises food supplies, less agriculture | | |Health and safety issues because of tax legislation | Patterns of production and processes In manufacturing there has been a global shift of marketing f rom MDC’s to LDC’s. Guests are encouraged to participate in low impact activities – o guided nature/bird walks, o cycling, fishing o Day or night game drives are conducted in open-sided 4Ãâ€"4 vehicles †¢ Lodges work closely with the local community and support several enterprises, schools and an orphanage. †¢ Guests can visit a group of widows that craft sisal baskets, a group that makes jewellery from recycled paper and a rug weaving factory. †¢ The lodges only sell what is made by the community and pay a fair price. †¢ A large percentage of the price is donated to the community fund. †¢ Every year, children from the local community and schools are invited to participate in ecotourism workshops †¢ To protect and improve their environment.

Life Cycle of a Group Essay Example

Life Cycle of a Group Essay Example Life Cycle of a Group Essay Life Cycle of a Group Essay Topic: Discuss the life cycle of a group, showing how the process involved in each stage can affect the overall effectiveness of any group in the performance of an assigned task. A group is a collection of two or more people who, over a period of time develop shared norms of behavior, are interdependent, and interact with each other for the purpose of achieving some common goal or set of goals. There are two types of groups namely; a formal group and an informal group. For example, a formal group in an organization is deliberately formed to achieve specific objectives. This is achieved through organization, co-ordination and delegation of work load within the group. Within a formal group exist set rules and procedures to be adhered to, all information is declared and taken note of. All formal groups have a formal point of origin and an end point. An informal group however is formed by personal preferences and satisfies psychological and social needs (Mullins, L. 2005). A lack of official information will quickly reveal informal groups within an organization. The grape vine will pass information swiftly through the organization. This cuts through the organization’s structure ignoring the formal channels of communication. The group members are spread across departments; they may be friends who do lunch, or smokers who meet outside the building. This networking is informal, and can benefit the individual member; each group has its own culture. These groups are cross sectional, and are formed without any involvement from the formal structure (Mullins, L. 2005). According to B. W. Tuckman (1965), as a group develops towards an effective, productive and healthy team it will pass through a number of distinct and natural sequences of stages. Each stage has both specific a task and socio-emotional issues. Knowledge of these stages and relevant behaviors can assist greatly in the understanding of the needs of the group. By understanding this, one can ask the right questions to discover at what stage the team is and what needs to be done to progress its development. The five stages of a group’s life cycle as defined by B. W. Tuckman (1965) are forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning. Each of these stages is unique and is characterized by its own set of distinctive behaviors and issues for the team and the leader (Tony Chapman et al). The first stage of the life cycle of a group is a stage commonly referred to as â€Å"forming† or testing and dependency stage. Forming is the initial meeting stage of proposed members of the group just coming together. The term â€Å"testing† refers to an attempt by group members to discover what interpersonal behaviors are acceptable in the group based on the reactions of other group members. It is at this first set of encounters the members of the group decide explicitly on the purpose of the formation of the group and formal rules may be set. At this stage, members establish base level expectations, norms and sort common goals that are agreed upon. The group also begins the process of contact and bonding, and development of trust within its members. Members identify similarities in behavior and may even form sub groups or even allies based on such similarities or differences. Individual roles and responsibilities are usually not set and still unclear to its members. This forming stage of the group, also referred to as the â€Å"childhood† stage of the group because of its dependency, is often characterized by feeling of shyness, uncertainty, anxiety, anticipation and diffidence among the members. An extravert member may rapidly assume some kind of leadership (B. W. Tuckman) in order to commence progression of the group. The leadership of the group however, can be set either by council, members of the group themselves or leadership of the group can be done simultaneously, but must be done in order to provide some sort of structure for the group. There is usually high dependence on the group’s leader for guidance and direction, and little agreement on the group’s aims other than those which are received from the leader. The leader of the group must be prepared to answer questions about the group’s purpose, objectives and external relationships (B. W. Tuckman 1965). Hence without the quick establishment or selection of a leader in this stage of the group’s life cycle may cause the group to stagnate, thus unable to move forward with its assigned task. The second stage of the group’s life cycle is referred to as â€Å"storming† or the â€Å"adolescent† stage of the group. Storming is a period of jockey for position, authority and influence among members (B. W. Tuckman 1965). Team members vie for position as they attempt to establish themselves in relation to other team members and the leader, who might receive challenges from team members. At this point of the â€Å"storming† process, members may test the tolerance of the system and may challenge the leadership and control of the group. Such challenges may be brought about by other extravert members who wanted an opportunity to be the leader, or may be brought about by sub groups or cliques that were formed within the group itself. With this creation of a power struggle within the group, the initial leader(s) may not even survive this period because he may be voted out or forced to withdraw his leadership by other members of the group. When such disputes arise, the progression of the group’s life cycle stagnates and will be unable to move forward with its assigned task until such issues are dealt with and agreed upon unanimously within the group. Apart from power and control differences at this phase of the group’s life, inter group conflict is prevalent in this phase. Conflict and tension may ensue as group members and sub groups become hostile towards each other as a means for expressing their individuality and resisting the formation of the group structure (B. W. Tuckman 1965). Interaction is uneven and â€Å"infighting† is common. The lack of unity may be an outstanding feature existing in this stage, thus decision making becomes a difficult task. One of the most crucial elements at this stage is to resolve any conflicts within the group by enforcing the norms of communication established in the previous stage. By getting the group to re-focus on the goals of the given tasks and avoid becoming distracted by relationship and emotional issues, the more likely progression will transpire to the next stage of development. The third stage in the life cycle of a group is referred to as â€Å"norming† or the â€Å"adulthood† stage. Having sorted out its internal structure, there is then the issue of what the group stands for. What behavior and contribution is acceptable and what isn’t. Members explore behind the power processes and begin to form some idea of the group’s identity; the ‘group in the mind’. This is rarely done explicitly, of course, and it can readily slip back into storming (Atherton J. S. ), causing regression of the group. Norming promotes openness to other group members and the development of cohesiveness and that ‘in-group’ feeling of belongingness. Agreement and consensus is largely formed among the group, who respond well to facilitation by the group leader. This can be attributed to the norms of interaction are fully formed at this particular stage and members of the group begin to comply. Group members accept the group and accept the idiosyncrasies of fellow members. The group becomes an entity by virtue of its acceptance by the members, their desire to maintain and perpetuate it and the establishment of new group-generated norms to insure the groups existence. Harmony is of maximum importance, and task conflicts are avoided to insure harmony (B. W. Tuckman et al) and the emblem of membership starts to occur. Roles and responsibilities are clear and accepted, as well as the process for the solving of problems is also established. Decisions are made by group agreement, through the process of negotiation and consensus building. At this stage of the group unity and commitment is strong and mutual support is possible, since group members have the similar desire to achieve the same task. The team discusses and develops its processes and working style. Since the main goal of cohesion and general respect for the leader is achieved, some of the leadership is also shared by the team, where smaller decisions may be delegated to individuals or sub groups within the group. At this particular stage of a group’s development, members of the group should be mindful that a strong feeling of cohesiveness does not override the realistic appraisal of alternatives causes of action. This process is referred to as â€Å"groupthink†. Groupthink, a term coined by social psychologist, occurs when a group makes faulty decisions because group pressures lead to a deterioration of â€Å"mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment†. Groups affected by groupthink ignore alternatives and tend to take irrational actions that dehumanize other groups. A group is especially vulnerable to groupthink when its members are similar in background, when the group is insulated from outside opinions, and when there are no clear rules for decision making (Irving Janis 1972). It can also occur when members believe in the rightness of their cause and therefore ignore the ethical or moral consequences of their decisions. Hence it is crucial to have members who are willing to challenge the direction of the group, but not challenge the group itself, which will result in regression of the group’s progress, hence affect the effectiveness of assigned tasks. The forth stage of the life cycle of a group is referred to as â€Å"performing†. It is at this stage the group is at its most powerful, in terms of efficiency and performance, because it now more strategically aware of its purpose. The team is able to work toward achieving the goal of the group, and also to attend to relationship, style and process issues along the way. The group, which was established as an entity during the preceding phase, can now become a problem-solving instrument (B. W. Tuckman 1965). It does this by directing itself to members as objects, since the subjective relationship between members has already been established. Members can now adopt and play roles that will enhance the task activities of the group, since they have learned to relate to one another as social entities in the preceding stage (B. W. Tuckman et al). This performing stage is an advance continuation of stage three, which is the norming phase. The group now switches from collecting to processing the information given, then works collaboratively to find solutions to these problems using appropriate control measures, also try different solution methods, without being committed to one line of action. One problem that may occur at this stage is when ideas set forth by group members are challenged by other members within the group. This may result in personality conflicts and can cause regression as far back as stage one; hence a longer timeframe is needed for the completion of the given task. The fifth and final stage of the group’s life cycle is known as the â€Å"adjourning† phase, and is commonly referred to as the â€Å"mourning† phase because the group’s life has literally come to an end. This stage is about completion and disengagement from both the task and the group members (B. W. Tuckman). Members will be proud of having achieved accomplishment of the given task and glad to have been a part of the group. In this stage group members need to recognize what they have done and consciously move on. This stage is helpful particularly if members of a group have been closely bonded and have derived status or identity with in the group. It is important to manage carefully the adjourning of the group, since this emotional time should be made as meaningful as the group was. In conclusion, it should be noted that there are no fixed time limits for each stage of the group’s life cycle. Each step of the development process builds on the previous one and prepares that phase to progress to the performing phase. With every new challenge that the group is face with, the process repeats and initial phases may have to be revisited, causing regression of the group. Phases of the group’s life cycle may also overlap at any given time during the execution of the assigned task, however phases cannot be skipped as this will result in a negative effect of the performing stage of the group. Words (2156) Reference 1. Tuckman, Bruce W. (1965) Developmental sequence in small groups, 2. ATHERTON J S (2003) Learning and Teaching: Group Development 3. Tuckman, Bruce W. Jensen, M. A. Stages of small-group development revisited. Group Org. Studies 4. Tuckman, Bruce W. (1984) Citation classic Developmental sequence in small groups 5. Janis, Irving L. (1972). Victims of Groupthink. New York: Houghton Mifflin. 6. Mullins, L. (2005). Management and Organizational Behavior 7. Tony Chapman, Bill Best, Paul Van Casteren – Executive Coaching

Organizational Stakeholders Affected by Ethical or Unethical Behavior Essay

Organizational Stakeholders Affected by Ethical or Unethical Behavior at Boeing - Essay Example The unethical behaviors manifested by Condit and Stonecipher were not exemplary because they failed to adhere to the prevailing policies that the company initiated in order to provide a good venue for business, as specified in the case. As a result, this created a significant impact, primarily on the level of trust that the investors will have to guarantee for Boeing. For example, the anomalous contract between Sears and Druyun forced Condit to resign, which required the image of Boeing for further cleaning up, as primarily depicted on the ideal move of Stonecipher, Condit’s replacement. This resulted to cancellation of contracts with potential investors for around billions of dollars. On the other hand, Stonecipher violated the company’s code of conduct, which he himself mandated for the employees. He had a consensual relationship with a female employee, which is a behavior that would strongly stand against the prevailing company policy. Therefore, the image of Boeing has become so poor, affecting not only the potential investors, but also directly the employees within the organization. 2. What organizational approach to social responsibility did Boeing appear to use under the leadership of Condit and Stonecipher? How do you think the approach changed under McNerney’s leadership?... However, under his leadership, even though he attempted to clean up the mess of the previous administration, he failed to provide exemplary actions on how exactly he was forceful in implementing the company’s prevailing policies he mandated himself. Changing the culture of the company, with openness and accountability primarily to ward off illegal financial reporting is one of the ultimate concerns of McNerney’s administration. Added to this is to implement teamwork and improve morals. Now this may sound like McNerney is heading to include placing value, treating employees well and fairly, and sourcing of ethical business partners. By doing all of these, what might turn out as mess in the previous administration will remarkably generate a substantial improvement under McNerney’s administration as the bottom line of his action is to promote an organization that will operate in a socially responsible way. 3. Are the actions McNerney is proposing likely to improve e thics at Boeing? If yes, explain why. If now, tell what actions McNerney could take that would be effective. Let us recall the point of McNerney prior to his entry at Boeing. This person is not afraid to take the plunge into change, giving a higher possibility that he would guarantee total restoration of the prevailing morals in the company. In the first place, one significant manifestation that he could be capable of initiating change was his ability to look at the culture first at Boeing. He has in mind to change the prevailing culture to develop transparency. This alone could help us decide whether McNerney is proposing for the company is most likely to improve ethics at Boeing. At the positive side, yes it will definitely pave a way moving forward to a positive

S. B. Cottone Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

S. B. Cottone Inc - Essay Example In this case, the firm has not enough capacity to capture all of these markets so that a target market in the segment is needed. A target market must have the potential to be viable customer. Target market of the firm are contractors in the construction business. This was principally selected due to construction developments in Scranton and the developers’ need for contractors in the construction business. Contractors are the first-line connection to developers. They are also considered specialist by developers so their expert advice is followed. Contractors’ profiles were compiled into a database of the company for the last twenty years for easy reference and follow up. Positioning is the market strategy of how company communicates to customers. Web defines it as â€Å"effort to influence consumer on a brand relative to a competing brand.† Purpose of positioning is to have an advantageous position to consumer. To start positioning the firm, has to know the needs of the target market, and understand why they need it, and its budget. Buyers’ needs are known through interviews, research and attending events such real estate openings. Based on this approach company has identified buyers’ needs as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning of rooms and building. Buyers go through a process (Linton, Ian, 2014) wherein the very first stage is recognition of a need. Needs of buildings are caused by standard requirements. Next step is the information search wherein buyer looks for sources to solve his need. Next is the evaluation process where buyer inspects different brands and offers – and evaluate it according it to product attributes and the ability of supplier to deliver. Process involves buyers’ high participation particularly if there are many proposals, and low if there is only one company to be evaluated. The last